Implementation steps of water and wastewater treatment plant

water catchment

One of the stages of the implementation of the water and wastewater treatment plant Catchments provide conditions for water to be stored in an environment without movement and turbulence, and a large volume of polluting and suspended substances will settle in it. In order to increase the quality and clarity, the water in the reservoir is slightly purified with nets and special garbage collectors at this stage.

Catching the mud in the water

There are different ways to remove mud, the least expensive of which is to pass through the sand bed. The mud is attached to the very fine grains of sand, and in this way, clean water passes through it. In industrial units, this process is mostly done with the help of sand filters, which have the same application as sand bed.

Physical purification with scavenger

As the second step in the implementation of the water treatment plant, an equipment called a garbage collector is used.

Surface water is polluted with a large amount of particles and pieces of solid materials such as wood, cloth, leaves and tree branches, etc. These solid particles suspended in the water have a negative effect on its turbidity.

Preliminary chemical treatment

One of the challenges in surface water treatment is the growth of algae and different plants in the treatment ponds. For this reason, in the design of water treatment stages in the treatment plant, a part is considered as preliminary chemical treatment. In this section, with the help of various chemicals, efforts are made to prevent the growth of algae and other aquatic plants.

Preliminary settlement

After the removal of plants and algae, as well as the preliminary treatment, there are many small suspended particles in the water, which have a negative effect on the darkening of the water. Sedimentation is one of the most practical methods that do not require chemicals, etc. This stage of The implementation of the water treatment plant provides the post-conditions in which a large volume of solid and fine particles suspended in the water gradually settles.

Surface water nets

These nets have become cylindrical and circular, and due to the very small holes on them, a large amount of small and suspended materials in the water are removed with its help. In order to increase the quality and efficiency of these nets, it is necessary to wash their surface in different ways to prevent clogging of their tiny holes.

aeration

Aeration causes a very large volume of gases in water to be released and improves the taste and smell of water. In addition, it leads to the oxidation of many polluting substances with the help of oxygen entering the water, and finally the turbidity of the water will decrease.

Coagulation and clotting

Coagulation and flocculation is done with the help of chemicals and polymers. The reason for using these materials is the non-settlement of some particles and ions in the water, which lead to its turbidity. For this reason, various materials such as polyelectrolyte and active silica are used, which entering and mixing in water causes negative particles with positive charges of these materials to be absorbed and form clots. Finally, these coagulated materials float on the surface of the water and are collected with the help of different equipment.

Hardship

One of the biggest challenges in water purification is the presence of a large amount of calcium and magnesium in water, which ultimately lead to an increase in water hardness.

For this reason, it is an important step in the implementation of the water and wastewater treatment plant Hardening is done by a hardening device. In order to reduce water hardness, several methods are used, the most common of which is the use of ionic resin beads.

Water disinfection

Disinfection of water in treatment plants may be done with chemicals such as chlorine and ozone, or with heat, light, and electromagnetic radiation.

save

As the last stage of the implementation of the water and wastewater treatment plant, they are stored in large tanks to enter the municipal water pipeline through different channels.

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